is the solar plexus of the telephone body. It is the vital spot. It to stand between it and the public. telephone, a large common battery was installed in the exchange itself. wholly automatic. Few of these have been put into use, for the reason way to put four houses on a single wire, with a different signal for Best of all, it saved FOUR SECONDS ON EVERY CALL. The first of these things were made new. Instead of individual batteries, one at each cities followed suit as fast as they could afford the expense of diaphragm with the finger-nail. Soon after-wards came a "buzzer," and created a boom in the use of the telephone by enterprising farmers. give the most efficient service, there will always need to be an expert signals and batteries, there grew up the modern Telephone Exchange. This centralizing switchboards was put in place at Philadelphia; and other idea, as an electric light makes no noise and can be seen either by signalling. The first signal, used by Bell and Watson, was a tap on the This meant better signalling and better talking. It reduced the cost of In 1896 there came a most revolutionary change in switchboards. All As the final result of all these varying changes in switchboards and rebuilding. Since then, there have come some switchboards that are each house. This idea made the "party line" practicable, and at once that a switchboard, like a human body, must be semi-automatic only. To night or by day. In 1901, J. J. Carty invented the "bridging bell," a of Scribner's brain. Persistent changes were made in the system of conceived of the use of tiny electric lights as signals, a brilliant then the magneto-electric bell. In 1887 Joseph O'Connell, of Chicago, It introduced the federal idea into the mechanism of a telephone system. batteries and put them in charge of experts. It established uniformity.